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MiL/SiL HiL ViL Test drive Road CONCLUSION

By implementing the vehicle-in-the-loop
approach, IAV adds virtual scenarios to
real-world vehicle testing. Accordingly,
the landscape of simulation-based test
environments is not being extended by
Effort a further real-world component that is
Simulation
the test vehicle. Instead, it broadens the
FIGURE 5 Vehicle-in-the-loop (ViL) as a bridge between simulation-based test methods and real-world test possibilities of real-world vehicle tests
drives (© IAV) by superimposing virtual scenarios,
placing the focus on validating driver
assistance functions – both in the
early as well as in the late phases of
acteristic properties. This makes it pos- warning, emergency braking as well as the development process.
sible to test the function in conjunction belt tensioning and closing the vehicle In this context, the testing approach
with the actuators but detached from contour) is made for experience on a presented will unfurl its full potential
the sensors. real-world basis in the vehicle and can above all in highly automated driving
The test method presented also per- be evaluated in relation to the particular when the task of driving is assumed
mits validation of subsequent sensor driving situation. by the vehicle, the driver merely sits
data fusion at object level by varying the One major advantage in testing is the in the vehicle as back-up and, from
position of an object recorded by the ability to investigate even complex sce- this position, can observe and evalu-
camera and feeding it in on a virtual narios without spatial limitations and ate the virtually generated critical
basis via the path of a further sensor. In without additional target objects and test driving situation and vehicle’s real
addition to this, the ViL approach can be equipment (such as steering and braking response. In future, it would also be
used for assisting the in-vehicle calibra- robots or mobile systems for pedestrian conceivable to use the test methodol-
tion of driver assistance functions. For and cyclist tests) in a very short time ogy for driving on the road that is for
highly automated vehicles, this would and without the need for additional validating functions in the field.
even make it conceivable to calibrate personnel to operate the test systems.
functions automatically. In addition, test scenarios, which have REFERENCES
been classed as too dangerous using [1] Bengler, K.; Dietmayer, K.; Färber, B.; Maurer,
real-world target objects and therefore M.; Stiller, C.; Winner, H.: Three decades of driver
INITIAL RESULTS AND EVALUATION assistance systems: Review and future perspec-
not possible, can be run without any tives. In: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems
At the moment, the vehicle-in-the-loop risk to test drivers. In particular, these Magazine 6 (2014), No. 4, pp. 6-22
approach is used for validating warning, include collision scenarios at high [2] Winner, H.: Challenges of Automotive Systems
emergency braking and pre-crash func- relative speeds. These results show Engineering for Industry and Academia. In: Maurer,
M.; Winner, H. (Ed.): Automotive Systems Engineer-
tions at high speeds. By superimposing that the test method is ready for use ing. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013,
virtual scenarios, critical driving situa- and permits the resource-friendly, pp. 3-15
tions involving head-on, rear-end and safe and reproducible testing of rele- [3] Seiniger, P.; Weitzel, A.: Testverfahren für Ver-
side collisions have been generated. The vant driving scenarios which, with braucherschutz und Gesetzgebung. In: Winner, H.;
Hakuli, S.; Lotz, F.; Singer, C. (Ed.): Handbuch
entire cascade of anticipated vehicle real target objects, cannot be done or Fahrerassistenzsysteme. Berlin/Heidelberg:
responses (including visual-acoustic only done to a very limited extent. Springer-Verlag, 2015, pp. 167-182

Stationary/moving target,
relative velocity > 60 km/h Oncoming traffic Bicycle suddenly cutting in

Multi-object scenario Dangerous overtaking Dynamic emergency steering

!
!

FIGURE 6 Driving situations which, with real-world target objects, cannot be tested or only to a limited
extent (© IAV)
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